Pengaruh Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) Terhadap Sikap Berpikir Kritis Siswa Di Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Ampel Desa Bukur Kecamatan Patianrowo Kabupaten Nganjuk

Abstract

This study aims to determine the critical thinking ability of students in PAI learning at Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Ampel Patianrowo Nganjuk. In addition, to find out the efforts of implementing HOTS-based PAI learning to improve students' critical thinking. Finally, to find out the effect of HOTS-based PAI learning on students' critical thinking attitude at Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Ampel Patianrowo Nganjuk. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, observations, and documents. The research subjects included PAI subject teachers and students of class XI and XII of Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Ampel Patianrowo Nganjuk. The first research result is that the critical thinking ability of students at Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Ampel Patianrowo Nganjuk has developed significantly. This is manifested through learning strategies that emphasise problem solving, discussions, scientific debates, and written work assignments. Second, Efforts to implement HOTS-based PAI learning have been carried out in a structured and consistent manner, both in the classroom and outside the classroom through routine activities such as Scientific Discussions and Munaqosah Examinations. This approach provides space for students to develop a critical, independent, and reflective mindset. Third, there is a positive effect of HOTS-based PAI learning on students' critical thinking attitude. Students' critical attitudes can be seen in their courage to express their opinions, ability to formulate logical arguments, and increased awareness to understand Islam contextually.